Should the internet be censore essays

Should the web be censore papers Would you be able to envision a spot where communicating your own sentiment isn't permitted? Picture not having the option to explore a subject of your advantage. Would you be able to envision a spot where you can get punished for your selection of words? Would you be able to envision living in a general public that disallows you from communicating the manner in which you like? All things considered, in the event that you live in a popularity based society, you most likely can't envision living under such severe laws. In a fair society, the right to speak freely of discourse is important in light of the fact that a vote based government will be government run for the individuals, by the individuals and of the individuals. The right to speak freely of discourse permits us to communicate both openly and secretly. Blue penciling the Internet is a mind boggling issue that is open for banter. Should the Internet be edited? Numerous individuals may concede to this and those are the individuals who have more youthful youngsters on the web. Numerous guardians feel that the Internet should be controlled in light of the fact that the Internet permits minors to investigate destinations that might be unsafe to them; such locales may incorporate sex entertainment. Sex entertainment is a major issue for guardians since they feel that it exists everywhere throughout the Internet. They are not mixed up; it is genuinely simple to discover sex entertainment on the net. In any case, you won't really observe obscene substances except if you open up the site. Much the same as the Internet, sex entertainment likewise exists in TV and the film business. The truth of the matter is that on the off chance that you need to see sex entertainment you will turn on the TV to the particular channel and decide to watch it. Commonly individuals may get obscene mail, however except if you open the mai l you are not presented to erotic entertainment. Rather than controlling the net, there are elective arrangements. Guardians and schools may buy Surf Watch and Net Nanny as opposed to demanding editing the Internet in general. The issue is that the utilization of kids so as to enable the media to control the net is simple. Individuals have a weakness for youngsters, they realize that they are unprotected and ... <!

Youth empowerment through quality education Free Essays

string(33) human and national development. This paper thinks about quality training, its significance to youth strengthening and in what ways it enables. The paper suggested legitimate usage of the educational program, proceeded with Teacher Education, sufficient budgetary allotment and need for instruction and parental support to make reference to a couple. Nigeria praised another Independence Day as of late denoting her 53rd commemoration; anyway the pace of advancement and that at which arrangement choices of government and by expansion its approach producers are executed, isn't similar with to what extent she has been an autonomous state. We will compose a custom paper test on Youth strengthening through quality instruction or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now It is accepted that one sure method of estimating the responsiveness or in any case of any legislature on the planet today, is in its speedy usage of key approach understanding or choices that will help the headway of any segment such strategy is figured As a resul t, it isn't unexpected to see that countries that need to be dealt with as far as youth strengthening, strict resistance, innovative progression, national change and so forth endeavor to situate instruction as a point of convergence in its walk towards improvement. It is even with this, that the consistent decrease in the general standard of training cross all levels in the country accordingly that instruction specialists have kept on clamoring for activities that would advance enormous improvement of the segment that is day by day encountering backwardness. Actually, numerous alumni can't communicate appropriately. Some in reasonable controls can’t practice what they have as far as anyone knows learnt in school. While some in workplaces need sufficient information and sit sitting endlessly needlessly because of absence of strengthening. To enable methods â€Å"to advance self-realization or impact of† a person or thing (Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 2000) or to â€Å"make (somebody) tronger and progressively certain, particularly in charge of their life and rights† (Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, sixth release). Strengthening can along these lines be supposed to be the way toward expanding the instructive, social, financial, political and so on quality of a person. Opeyemi (The Punch, 2013) citing Olatokunbo Somolu, administrator, Board of Trustees for Vision 20:2020 in his location at the sixteenth Vision 20:2020 Career Workshop in Lagos recently noticed that â€Å"one of the means expected to push the country ahead is through youth empowerment†. He clarified that adolescent strengthening as an apparatus for evelopment is an attitudinal, auxiliary and social procedure whereby youngsters gain the aptitude, capacity and power to settle on choices and actualize change in their own lives and the lives of others (young people and grown-ups comprehensive) and the general public as a rule. He further stated, miouth strengthening is regularly tended to as an entryway to intergenerational value, urban commitment and popular government building. The need to guide and support our childhood who are the eventual fate of our extraordinary nation Nigeria can't be over-stressed and further called attention to that engaging of young people is a speculation that pays off whenever, anyplace. Including that, by putting resources into adolescents, government partnerships, networks, NGOs and people can help set up the young people for the difficulties ahead†. Numerous things can be supposed to be liable for non strengthening, under strengthening or lacking engage. For example, Oyeleye ( in SUN 2013:45) cited an Oba saying † adolescents these days see older folks particularly people with significant influence as the issue of the country having neglected to accommodate them, consequently selling the fate of the nation†. He further said that â€Å"for this country to see a more promising time to come, government must give assets to creating young people and enabling them etore they learn and work another style ot interior terrorism†. This paper notwithstanding, isn't intended to attribute fault however to advance youth strengthening through quality instruction. So, who at that point are the young people of a general public? What is quality instruction? In what capacity can quality training realize youth strengthening? What are the goals for accomplishing such instruction? YOUTH AND YOUTH EMPOWERMENT Youth is â€Å"a time of life when one is youthful particularly the period between youth or puberty and maturity’ (Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 2000). It is â€Å"the period among adolescence and grown-up age† (Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, sixth dition). It is at this age or time of live that an individual is shaped. The exercises, ethics, values and so on got or learnt at this phase of life that shapes who the individual becomes later on. It is consequently foremost at this age, to advance self-completion and increment the instructive, social, monetary, political and so forth quality of a person. Youth strengthening happens in homes, at schools, through youth associations, government arrangement making and network sorting out crusades. Major auxiliary exercises where youth strengthening occurs all through society incorporate network ecision-production, authoritative arranging, and training change. It is regularly tended to as a portal to intergenerational value, municipal commitment and majority rules system building. Numerous nearby, state, national, and worldwide government offices and philanthropic associations give programs fixated on youth strengthening. Exercises included in that may concentrate on youth-drove media, youth rights, youth boards, youth activism, youth association in network dynamic and so forth Even in governmental issues, major ideological groups on the planet have explanations supporting youth strengthening. It is additionally a focal fundamental of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, which pretty much every nation on the planet (if not all) has marked into law. By and by, there are an assortment of youth strengthening activities in progress the world over. The 53 part nations of the Commonwealth of Nations have all joined to the Commonwealth Plan of Action for Youth Empowerment (2007-2015). The Plan of Action supports crafted by the Commonwealth Youth Program (CYP). On the Commonwealth definition, â€Å"Young individuals are engaged when they recognize that they have or can make decisions throughout everyday life, know about the ramifications of those decisions, settle on an intormed choice treely, ake activity dependent on that choice and acknowledge obligation regarding the outcomes of those activities. Engaging youngsters implies making and supporting the empowering conditions under which youngsters can follow up for their own sake, and on their own terms, as opposed to at the course of others. † QUALITY EDUCATION In any structure or way it is introduced, instruction is fundamental for human and national turn of events. You read Youth strengthening through quality instruction in classification Papers Through it, individuals gain fundamental abilities and perspectives by which they make important living and concurrence (Okwuolise, 2005). Training achieves refinements, temperance, dynamism, confidence, mechanical progression, strengthening, mythical being respect, accumulation and so on (Okwuolise 1999). Osifo-Whiskey (in Okwuolise, 2005) said that â€Å"learning and information figures out what individuals or society is, in reverse or progressed, humanized or crude, illuminated or in obscurity. Learning and information are what could be compared to deduction in the matter of who is man or who is an animal†. Instruction anyway doesn't just accomplish these, it â€Å"accretes similarly national turn of events and change, contingent upon the yearnings of the country and the destinations planned to be accomplished by it† (Okwuolise, 2005). From the prior, whenever considered from conventional perspective, training is a procedure of nstruction to set up the students to get helpful to themselves and the general public. It is accordingly no meander, Onah et al (2012:41) characterized instruction as â€Å"the procedure of transmitting what is beneficial (attractive abilities, information, demeanor, bent and so forth) to the individuals who are focused on it, regardless of whether they are kids, young people or grown-ups in the expectation of elevating their convenience to themselves and the society’. Quality then again implies â€Å"of high worth, esteem or standard† (American Heritage Dictionary, 1996), or â€Å"degree or standard of excellence† (Collins English Dictionary, 2000). Quality training subsequently implies instruction that is of high or significant norm, satisfactory and with legitimate educating or instructional excursions regarding technique and substance. It should likewise, mirror the three areas of instruction (the subjective, full of feeling and psychomotor spaces). It accordingly abandons saying that, there are sure cultural desires or qualities an enabled individual (youngster, youth or grown-up) is relied upon to show. Along the line of theory and the line of instructive spaces as observed over, the engaged man should; l. Take care of business of information, I. e. e must be all around grounded in what he should do, or what he is presented to. II. Be of considerate mindset with great connection and must be a friendly individual and not a loner Ill field of strengthening. Have the option to for all intents and purposes pertorm and convey . Eventually, on the off chance that we are to look at the job and significance of value instruction in youth strengthening, much could be said. This paper anyway confines itself to the accompanying regions where quality instruction accumulates to youth strengthening; Knowledge and Insight Knowledge is the â€Å"acquaintance with or comprehension of a science, workmanship or echnique†, â€Å"range of one’s data or understanding† while understanding is the â€Å"ability to get individuals and circumstances in an extremely clear way’ (Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 2000). One of the properties of value instruction is the capacity to ingrain in students (for this situation, adolescents) the all out understanding and a scope of data in

What to do if Youre Stuck in a Rut This January

What to do if You’re Stuck in a Rut This January What to do if You’re Stuck in a Rut This January Christmas is over, the weather is miserable, and to make matters worse, you probably have exams. via GIPHY January is traditionally the most depressing month of the year for these reasons and more, leaving many of us feeling stuck in a rut and bored of the monotony of everyday life. If you’re feeling unmotivated, unfulfilled and like every day blurs into the one before, here are some ways to perk yourself up and feel happier and more productive, fast. Make plans to have something to look forward to For my first trip abroad with my friend Milly, we decided to go to Dublin this month. Why January, the month of feeling skint, cold and generally a bit bleh? Because we knew we needed something to look forward to! If you’re feeling stuck in a rut, consider booking a trip â€" even if it’s just a day trip â€" somewhere new. You could also plan nights out with friends for after you’ve finished your exams, or other post-exam events to help get you through the month. Switch up your habits If you always wake up at the same time, and have the same breakfast, and follow the same route to uni, and do everything else exactly the same as the day before, this monotony is probably a big part of why you can start to feel a bit ‘bleh’. Try switching up your routine in some way, whether it’s leaving uni earlier or later, taking a new route, or doing things in a different order. Get active Those of you who (like me) hate sport will probably be groaning at this one â€" but it’s been proven countless times that exercise does wonders for stress levels. Spending time outdoors has also been found to have a positive impact on your mental health, so try and spend less time cooped up indoors. Of course, January’s cold, so no one would blame you if you preferred to exercise at the gym and stay warm! While you might dread going to the gym, you’ll find you feel so much happier and relaxed afterwards, so you’d have regretted it if you didn’t go. Just don’t make the classic mistake of buying a gym membership and not using it! Switch up your studying style If you’re feeling behind in your studies, you’re probably feeling even more deflated and stuck in a rut, making it tempting to bang your head on the desk. To get out of a study rut, try switching up your study style with the following things: Start small: clear away any small tasks that have been piling up Make your notes brighter and more interesting with highlighters and flash cards Take quizzes on Quizlet to make revision more active Get together with friends to study and quiz each other If your university has them, watch back or listen to old lectures Look at the big picture: remind yourself why you want this degree, and how it will help you achieve your goals. Get more study tips for exams here. Take a break from social media If there’s one thing that can make you feel worse about your life when you’re in the middle of a rut, it’s social media. Whether it’s yet another person from your school getting engaged, or someone else boasting about their amazing travels abroad, sometimes you can be left wishing you hadn’t mindlessly scrolled down your news feed. It’s difficult to resist the urge to compare yourself to others, but the easiest way to do it is to simply get out of the habit of scrolling on social media. You might find it easier to allow yourself just a 10-minute scroll a day, or to go completely cold turkey â€" either way, you’ll probably find you miss it a lot less than you thought you would. Be spontaneous and get out of your comfort zone Another factor in the way you’re feeling is the fact that you’ve probably become too used to your own comfort zone â€" you haven’t branched out and tried something new for a while. You don’t have to do anything drastic to help solve this, but if you can be brave and try something new that scares you, but is still enjoyable, you’ll likely feel proud of yourself and more self-assured for having done it. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself And finally, you’re feeling stuck in a rut, this might make you less productive, which can leave you becoming frustrated with yourself and sometimes create a vicious cycle. Try to give yourself a break and don’t beat yourself up if you don’t complete everything you wanted to in a day. Also, make sure you’re taking care of yourself; getting enough sleep, eating well, and generally being kind to yourself. Remember: you’re in control of your own happiness, and the ‘bleh’ feeling you have during a rut is just temporary. If you’re really struggling and feeling low, please talk to someone. Have you got any tips for getting out of a rut? Let us know in the comments below.

Spirituality And Religion The Sacred Within - 971 Words

Spirituality and religion hold different values and truths depending on your personal beliefs. Being religious is a belief or practice that contains certain values one should follow. When looking deeper into religion you can find spirituality which is the part of religion that effects our spirit and soul, it is not tangible. â€Å"The Sacred within† is spirituality and pertains to God dwelling inside of our heart and soul. When looking at â€Å"the sacred within† there are certain senses that we can tap into so, we may obtain that sort of spirituality. Through solitude, silence, imagination, and nature, we can have a better sense of spirituality. Through solitude, we have the opportunity to retreat and be alone with God. We are away from the hustle and bustle of our chaotic days. We are not concerned with work, school, or family, which allows us to rid ourselves of the noise pollution that effects â€Å"the sacred within.† During times of solitude we can readjus t our focus and thoughts on love for ourselves and our love for God. We can center ourselves and as Narsinha Mehta writes, â€Å"They are pure in thought, word, and deed. Free from greed, anger, and fear, These are the real lovers of God.† (Easwaren, 1982. P. 148). This time in solitude allows us the ability to confess our faults and motivates us to seek God. Spending spiritual time in silence can be difficult for many individuals because it gives them time to think and be present in the moment. Being silent also requires solitudeShow MoreRelatedNative American Religions1160 Words   |  5 Pagesthe century Native American religions have been repressed and misunderstood. There has been little room for them to actually be able to explain their rituals and why it is important to them as a society. This ignorance’s has resulted in the loss of land, false practices with sacred objects, and a lack of education within the rituals of indigenous religions. The indigenous population deserves support to preserve their practices and language. Since most of these religions have been repressed for soRead MoreReligious Beliefs And Practices Common Among Indigenous Religions964 Words   |  4 PagesIn what ways might the various beliefs and practices common among indigenous religions relate to definitions of religion as being that which binds b ack or re-connects people to an underlying and greater sacred reality? Although western religions have some parallels, indigenous religions are much more interconnected with each other and their sacred reality. After reading this chapter, it is apparent that studies have found there is a greater connection between the people and the earth. WhileRead MoreNative American Spirituality And Native Americans1374 Words   |  6 Pages For Native Americans, protecting their sacred ways was and is a matter of survival, but it is also a matter of respect for the power that is involved. Across the United States, there are more than 558 federally recognized and several hundred state recognized Native American nations (Russell, 1998). Given the wide-ranging diversity of this population consisting of 2.3 million people, it is essential to understand that the term Native American spirituality encompasses the vastness of more than 500Read MoreIntegrate Spirituality into Mental Health Care805 Words   |  3 PagesSpirituality, Religion and Mental Health Since science and religion had started to draw apart in European thinking from the 16th century, by the time Western psychology and psychiatry developed, religion had become marginalized in Western academic thinking as so the disciplines that emerged were secular. Ideas about spirituality – a part of the discourse within religion not science – were excluded from both psychiatry and Western psychology as these disciplines strove increasingly to become ‘scientific’Read MoreExplain the Inextricable Connection of the Dreaming, the Land and Identity, Talking Into Account the Diversity of the Dreaming for Abriginal Peoples.1274 Words   |  6 Pageslife, their Laws, their beliefs, their values and the way in which they treat others individually. This connection has lived and grown within every Aboriginal of different tribes for 40 000 years and are known to have the longest cultural history in the world. The Dreaming â€Å"a reality which consists of the present, the past and the future† (D:\Aboriginal Spirituality mrachmar_com.htme) is not regarded as myths by Aboriginal people, but rather a set of morals and social bonds that reveal an unbreakableRead MoreThank You For Your Letter Concerning The Content Of The1237 Words   |  5 Pagescontemporary spirituality being taught in year 11 Study of Religion is understandable, but the focus on modern, contemporary spirituality expressed through video games is necessary and important for your child’s education. This is because some claim that it is possible to have spiritual experiences in video games and therefore it is important that SOR students can evaluate these themes in the light of the shifting nature of spirituality in Australia and ways that they can connect with the sacred. This isRead MoreWhy Is Personal Meaning So Important For Individuals? How Can Religion Help One Find A Sense Of Meaning853 Words   |  4 P agesimportant to individuals? How can Religion help one find a sense of meaning? Personal meaning is so important to individuals because it is what makes them unique as a person. Everyone has their own meaning when it comes to religion, personal life and personal success and achievements. People find their own meaning is different aspects throughout their lifetime. For many people, religion continues to well serve as a provider of meaning. There are four criteria in which religion is uniquely capable of providingRead MoreWhy Is Personal Meaning So Important For Individuals? How Can Religion Help One Find A Sense Of Meaning850 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant to individuals? How can Religion help one find a sense of meaning? Personal meaning is very important because it gives the individual the choice to explore what gives meaning to them. What gives meaning and fulfillment to one individual not necessarily does the same for a different individual. For instance, many find the meaning of life through their religion while atheist find fulfillment in other things different than religion. For many, religion continues to well serve as a providerRead MoreShinto - A Japanese Religion Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesShinto: A Japanese Religion Uncovering the religious significance and practices of Japanese Shinto As an ancient religion of Japan, Shinto was originally a combination of nature worship, divination techniques, and shamanism. Meaning the way of the Gods, the origins of Shinto are not apparent in comparison to other religions, especially other Asian religions and beliefs. With no obvious founder, as well as original written scriptures and authentic laws, a number of theories exist about theRead MoreThe Spiritual Dimension Of Person And Environment887 Words   |  4 Pagesarticle, Michael Zapf, discuses how important a spiritual perspective is within the field of Social Work. To begin with, he describes the concept of spirituality in social work, with a little bit of history lesson. Then he provides an example of how it could look from Aboriginal social work, and directions of how professionals can incorporate it. All throughout history spirituality and religion has been frowned upon within the field of secular social work. The biggest factor for this was the separation

Business Plan - 3225 Words

CHAPTER 1 Introduction Filipinos are very much aware of the street foods and in fact, it became a tradition or culture. No one can ever hesitate it and resist the truth that its taste are very delicious. Street foods are foods sold by street vendors in their own stall or cart. It can be seen in streets, sidewalks and outside the schools. One popular street foodwhich featured eggs is Kwek Kwek. Kwek Kwek is a kind of food commonly sold along the streets of Manila and many other places in the Philippines. It is made up of hard-boiled chicken eggs or quail eggs individually wrapped in orange-tinted batter, which are then fried until golden brown. It is very cheap and comes with sweet sauce or could also be served with spicy vinegar. It is†¦show more content†¦We knew the fact that Kwek Kwek is a fast food, serve immediately and had spread so fast in the Philippines so we came up with this company name. Quicky Kwek Kwek has chosen the tagline â€Å"Mabilisang kasagutan sa inyong kagutuman,† because of its title itself. We want to serve Kwek Kwek as fast as your hunger to complete you. Kwek Kwek can be seen anywhere, everywhere. Even its ingredients can be seen in nearby stores. Most of the time, Kwek Kwek vendors can be seen outside the schools where students rushed for to feed their hunger after a long time of studying. Management Team The Management Team of the company are as follows: 1. Operations Manager The Operations Manager is required to supervise or manage teams of operations staff. He or she is the one typically involved in conflict resolution, providing guidance on store policy, working with unsatisfied customers, and dealing with complaints. Ms. Aira Cabato and Ms. Joy Ona is the Operations Manager because they have the ability to handle problems and they really wanted to handle the cooking area. They also have the ability to deal with the costumers. 2. Marketing Officer The Marketing Officer holds a critical role in the organization. He or she promotesa company or clients products or services.The Marketing Officer identifies and analyses an organization’s strengths and weaknesses, and respond to opportunitiesShow MoreRelatedBusiness Plan For A Business Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pagesbrand-new business, expand an existing company, or get financing for a business venture, you will need to write a business plan. A business plan not only lends your business a sense of credibility, but also helps you to cover all your bases, increasing your chances of success. Although writing a business plan can be a lengthy, intimidating project, it is not necessarily difficult. Here is an overview of how to write a successful business plan. What to Include in Your Business Plan Your businessRead MoreBusiness Plan For A New Venture1355 Words   |  6 PagesA business plan can be used for beginning a new business, to create a more profitable business or for consideration of new services and ideas. A business plan is a written document that gives details on a business idea or venture and present the outlook of the business over a number of years. This plan will guide the business project management and operations, assist in vital decisions and measure performance. There are many types of business plans and not one of them is considered a universal planRead MoreEssay about Creating a Business Plan1119 Words   |  5 Pagesyou must have guidelines, so to speak, to know where you are heading in the future. That is why before you can start a business you need to draw up a detailed business plan. Business plans are considered blueprints. A business plan is what is needed to get your business off the ground and to attract potential investors. A business plan is way to show that you are in the business to make money. Introduce the company and the product/service idea for the new venture. Triple S Night Club is a new companyRead MoreBusiness Plan For An Casual Dining Mexican Restaurant1804 Words   |  8 PagesThe critical analysis essay is based on the business plan of an upcoming casual dining Mexican restaurant in an upmarket locality of Benowa Gardens, Gold Coast, Queensland. The restaurant is called Burrito Bar, which specialises in modern Mexican food along with alcoholic drinks and operates on a franchising model. The business plan was made by one Mr.Paddu for the purpose of procuring a bank loan/private funding to kick-start the project. 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Benefits of a Database Information Gathering Techniques

Assignment Three: Benefits of a Database amp; Information Gathering Techniques Ian Keller Strayer University Introduction to Relational Database Management Systems CIS 111 Professor Jonathan C. Thrall April 26th, 2012 Databases are very important to every person in the world today. Whatever you do in you daily routine you are bound to come in contact with some form of database and our world has become so dependent on it that most people won’t even realize the importance of databases. A database is a bunch of files that are usually integrated electronically together to make up one big file. The database stores all of these files in one location and numerous people can access this information all at the same time if they have†¦show more content†¦A flat file is a database that uses a simple structure but as simple as it is the more data added to it, the less efficient it can become. The benefit of the flat file database is that most Microsoft programs such as Microsoft Access, can imported from a flat file converting it so multiple data as well as data types can be used (Flat File 2012). When creating a database from the beginning it can seem very overwhelming at first. There is so much to think of but there are tools available to you that can help guide you through the process. Many database systems have an important role and if they aren’t customized for that particular organization, then the benefits would not be as great. Tools that are available to the organization that help a great deal with construction a database for the first time are available in many forms. Starter packages such as the CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) package, is a package that contains information to help. This package contains steps for creating a system analysis, project management, and design plans. If the information is used correctly it will help the organization learn how collect the information and determine what information to collect. There is also Project Management Software that can organize your data once it’s collected so the data is prioritized correctly. Last a system catalog can be implemented to work alongside the other aids men tioned above which all work hand inShow MoreRelatedThe Advantages Of Database Management Systems1577 Words   |  7 Pagesb) Critically evaluate the advantages of database management systems Advantages of DBMS Data independence: - the separation of data structure of database from the application program that uses the data is called data independence in database management system; you can easily change the structure of database without modifying the application program. 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How do databases generate sales and-or profits? What databases do you interact with, and how do they benefit you? 2. What is meant by requirements gathering, and why is it important to clearly define the data requirements of a database before creating it? 3. Read the General Business Example on page 7 of the Frost sectionRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Sql Server1354 Words   |  6 Pagesfollowing features available in sql server Ans ;- a) database mirroring: - Database reflecting is an answer for expanding the accessibility of a SQL Server database. Reflecting is actualized on a for each database premise and works just with databases that utilization the full recuperation model. Database reflecting was presented with Microsoft SQL Server 2005 innovation that can be utilized to outline high-accessibility and elite answers for database repetition. 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Nursing Care and Interventions

Question: Discuss about theNursing Care and Interventions. Answer: Admission Assessment for Katie Introduction The term subdural hematoma refers to severe head injury characterized by the accumulation of blood covering the brain tissues (Barr et al., 2013). Also, a subdural hematoma can occur during a mild head injury. For instance, it can be when a person is knocked down by a slow moving car. Recent studies indicate that the condition is high amongst adults (Crisp et al., 2013). Moreover, in most cases clinician have reported that the condition can go unnoticed for up to two weeks; after which the person will start presenting signs of a headache, loss of consciousness, and/or slurred speech. Interestingly, the term subdural hematoma is often used along with mild traumatic brain injury. Mild traumatic brain injury abbreviated as TBI is a brain disorder associated with loss of a consciousness and severe headache (Feigin et al., 2013). As such, the case study Katie McConell is a twenty-three-year-old woman who sustains a subdural hematoma eighteen hours after she was hit by a slowly moving car. The patient is then admitted to the emergency department and later referred to a neurosurgical trauma unit. Katie is diagnosed with mild traumatic brain injury and also presents with sore ankles from years of basketball: though she does not like using painkillers. As such, the ideas in this paper seek to illustrate the use of Levett-Jones (2013) clinical reasoning cycle in the formulation of interventions for admission assessment. Notably, the paper will have several sections discussing the five steps of the clinical reasoning cycle. Furthermore, the paper will have a succinct summary of ideas concerning the thesis statement as shown below. Considering Katie's Situation The patient Mrs. Katie McConell is admitted to the acute emergency care unit. The client is a 23-year-old lady and presents to the emergency department with mild traumatic brain injury characterized by loss of consciousness. Katie's husband states that the condition occurred eighteen hours ago and after checking with the emergency department Katie was referred to a neurosurgical trauma unit to receive ongoing assessment and rehabilitation. After assessing Katie, it is evident that she has sore ankles. The problem is underpinned by the continuous vigorous exercises and contact associated with basketball. Collecting Cues and Information The data collection process was done with the help of medical equipment and by word of mouth. The oral data collected includes a severe headache, loss of consciousness, and complains of sore ankles (Levett-Jnes and Hoffman, 2013). The conceptualization of data using medical equipment includes report handed over by the former nurse indicating the following results: HR-89, BP, 142/78 mm/Hg, SpO2-96%, RR-13, and a Glasgow Coma Score of 13. Further, her husband played a significant role in helping the nurses in charge to get the past medical history of Katie. Additionally, during the data collection phase, the nurses included a Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test abbreviated as the PASAT to gauge the level of severity of Katie (Godbolt et al., 2014). The model entailed a four-hour experimental protocol completed twice by Katie. During the phase, Katie interacted with several neuropsychological testing and emotional status testing. To that end, it is possible for the clinician in charge t o manipulate the provided information and implement the best medical interventions for Katie. Processing Information The section of the paper pays attention to the collected information and provides a justification. The assessment indicated that Katie had a high HR but operating within normal range of 65-100 mm/Hg. Moreover, Katie's blood pressure is higher than the estimated normal range of 120 mm/Hg. The RR is greater than the normal range. Further, the SpO2 indicated 96% without additional oxygen. As such, it is evident that the high RR and the HR are due to a severe headache and emotional disturbances (Zetterberg et al., 2013). Again, the clinical features of struggling to remember information but recalls with some degree of prompt indicate post-injury symptoms of concussion syndrome (Skolnick et al., 2014). Notably, the reduction in the central blood volume led to increase in the HR. Besides, the examination revealed that the increased HR and RR alludes to the reduced metabolic activities such as impaired breathing (Hungerford et al., 2015). With that in mind, it is considered wise to allow Ka tie access a simple face mask to supplement the low levels of SpO2 at a rate of 100/min. The PASAT test indicated that Katie was slower in responding to questions as well as slow in regaining; could process presented information slowly. Identifying the Problem The section provides a justification for the recorded information regarding loss of consciousness and sore ankles. The nurses noted that cognitive ability of Katie interfered with hence impaired communication skills, low memory, low processing and understanding of information, and impaired impulses. Attention and concentration issues: Katie presented with problems of handling long hours conversations, and she was kind of restless. As such, the clinical interventions for the problem include but are not limited to ensuring Katie communicates in a room with reduced distractions. Also, it is advisable to begin exercising Katie on attention skills such as reading short stories. Problems with processing and understanding information: Katie took a longer time to respond to nurses' questions and when explaining herself. Therefore, it will be important for Katie's husband to intervene and answer some questions on her behalf (Levett-Jones and Hoffman, 2013). Issues regarding cognitive results and rehabilitation for Katie calls for the implementation of two evidence-based interventions; remediation with an aim to advance impaired skills and compensation model to allow Katie learn new techniques for synthesizing and communicating (Tan et al., 2015). Subsequently, the sore ankles are a result of vigorous exercises of the sport and contact situation and less recovery time. However, it can be deduced that the sore and swollen ankles are due to poor blood circulation as a result of a blood clot on brain tissues (Johnson et al., 2013). What is more is the medical prescription for Katie; which is aimed at reducing the severe headache and the sore ankles. The medication to reduce the brain injury include: "diuretics": given to Katie to reduce the amount of fluid in the brain tissues. "Anti-seizure drugs"-will only be administered if Katie presents with a seizure. "coma-inducing drugs"-the nurses will induce the drug to allow the comatose brain cells to use less oxygen. Subsequently, when the condition persisted, the nurses referred Katie to a neurosurgical trauma unit for surgery. The surgery is aimed towards removing hematomas, repairing the fractured skull, and at times to open a new window in the skull to drain accumulated cerebral spinal fluid (Karr et al., 2014). Further, after the surgery, Katie will be introduced to a rehabilitation program made up of the following specialist: a psychiatrist-health professional who manages rehabilitation problems and offers a medical prescription. The occupational therapist wi ll facilitate learning and advance performance of daily activities. Physical therapist- a specialist who helps Katie with mobility and gain balance after surgery (LeMone et al., 2014). Speech and language pathologist helps Katie improve communication skills. Traumatic brain injury nurse specialist-expert who helps in coordinating care and educates family members about injury and recovery (Wintermark et al., 2015). Detail the Assessment In the Levett-Jones (2013) clinical reasoning cycle evaluation of outcomes is considered a vital section that determines the cost effectiveness medical prescriptions and the impact of formulated interventions in combating the situation. Furthermore, another section of interest is a reflection on the process and new learning. Reflection on the process is a period in the clinical cycle reasoning that allows the health professionals time to internalize on what s/he has been doing throughout the assessment (Levett-Jones and Hoffman, 2013). The process is important as it allows the health professional to make the best of choices regarding intervention implementation (McKenna and Mirkov, 2014). Again, the phase serves as a learning period: where new medical interventions are sought and assessed for their effectiveness before implementation (Xiong et al., 2013). In line with the case study, it is evident that from reviewing the different literature on managing traumatic brain injury the nur se in charge was able to come up with new techniques of engaging the patient. Also, the reflection phase allowed the nurse to learn from his/her mistakes. Another key thing to remember is that the reflection and new learning section renders the clinical reasoning cycle vital as it offers a platform for learning ways to solicit information from the patient without violating one's cultural beliefs and emotional status (Roozenbak et al., 2013). Therefore, it can be concluded that the section is a platform for promoting recovery and well-being of patients presenting with lived experiences of traumatic brain injury. Conclusion That said, it is possible to discern that inclusion of Levett-Jones clinical reasoning cycle allows medical professionals time to assess, monitor, and treat patients to their satisfaction. For instance, the procedural processes outlined in the discussion ranging from considering the patient's condition to detailing the assessment allows nurse and patients to engage with an aim to treat the disorder. Also, having family members involved in a treating plan ensures the sustainability of the program. That is having Katie's husband around the clinical setting facilitated formulation of best intervention regarding provided past medical history. Further, the section n detailing the assessment has proved to be of significant value as it allows reflection and new learning. The nurses in charge are allowed to refer to their clinical practices and internalize; a process that allows coming up with the best alternatives t treat traumatic brain injury. Also, the phase allows a physician to learn n ew techniques of treating and engaging with patients through sharing of information with fellow nurses or patients. Reference Barr, J., Fraser, G. L., Puntillo, K., Ely, E. W., Glinas, C., Dasta, J. F., ... Coursin, D. B. (2013). Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit. Critical care medicine, 41(1), 263-306. Crisp, j., Taylor, C., Douglas, C., Rebeiro, G. (2013). Fundamentals of Nursing (4th ed.). Chatswood, Australia: Libby Houston. Feigin, V. L., Theadom, A., Barker-Collo, S., Starkey, N. J., McPherson, K., Kahan, M., ... Jones, K. (2013). Incidence of traumatic brain injury in New Zealand: a population-based study. The Lancet Neurology, 12(1), 53-64. Godbolt, A. K., Cancelliere, C., Hincapi, C. A., Marras, C., Boyle, E., Kristman, V. L., ... Cassidy, J. D. (2014). Systematic review of the risk of dementia and chronic cognitive impairment after mild traumatic brain injury: results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 95(3), S245-S256. Hungerford, C., Hodgson, D., Clancy, R., Monisse-Redman, M., Bostwick, R., Jones, T. (2015). Mental health care: an introduction for health professionals in Australia (2nd ed.). Queensland, Australia: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W., Smith, D. H. (2013). Axonal pathology in traumatic brain injury. Experimental neurology, 246, 35-43. Karr, J. E., Areshenkoff, C. N., Garcia-Barrera, M. A. (2014). The neuropsychological outcomes of concussion: A systematic review of meta-analyses on the cognitive sequelae of mild traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychology, 28(3), 321. LeMone, P., Burke, K., Levett-Jones, T., Dwyer, T., Moxham, L., Reid-Searl, K., ...Raymond, D. (2014). Medical-surgical nursing: critical think inperson-centred care.Vol. 1. Frenchs Forest, Australia: Pearson Education. Levett-Jones, T. Hoffman, K. (2013). Clinical reasoning: What it is and why it matters. In: T. Levett-Jones (Ed.). Clinical Reasoning: Learning to think like a nurse. Frenchs Forest: Pearson. McKenna, L., Mirkov, S. (2014). McKenna's drug handbook for nursing and Midwifery (7th ed.). Sydney, Australia: Penny Martin. Roozenbeek, B., Maas, A. I., Menon, D. K. (2013). Changing patterns in the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury. Nature Reviews Neurology, 9(4), 231-236. Skolnick, B. E., Maas, A. I., Narayan, R. K., van der Hoop, R. G., MacAllister, T., Ward, J. D., ... Stocchetti, N. (2014). A clinical trial of progesterone for severe traumatic brain injury. New England Journal of Medicine, 371(26), 2467-2476. Tan, M., Law, L. S. C., Gan, T. J. (2015). Optimizing pain management to facilitate enhanced recovery after surgery pathways. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal Canadien D'anesthsie, 62(2), 203-218. doi:10.1007/s12630-014-0275-x Wintermark, M., Sanelli, P. C., Anzai, Y., Tsiouris, A. J., Whitlow, C. T., Institute, A. H. I. (2015). Imaging evidence and recommendations for traumatic brain injury: conventional neuroimaging techniques. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 12(2), e1-e14. Xiong, Y., Mahmood, A., Chopp, M. (2013). Animal models of traumatic brain injury. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 14(2), 128-142. Zetterberg, H., Smith, D. H., Blennow, K. (2013). Biomarkers of mild traumatic brain injury in cerebrospinal fluid and blood. Nature Reviews Neurology, 9(4), 201-210.

Baroque Period essays

Baroque Period essays The Baroque Art began in Italy between the sixteen hundreds and the seventeen hundreds. Classicism of the High Renaissance has been replenished during the Baroque period. During the Baroque period of art, the exploration of the fundamental components of the human nature and the realm of senses and emotions were very crucial. The Baroque era was very vast and dynamic, radiant and colorful, dramatic and intense, passionate and ardent, and sensual and overpowered by emotions. The superficial form of light was fascinated during this period due to the thoughts of godlike sun or the truth of the Holy Spirit. The Baroque naturalism maintains the religious themes in content. The elements of perception in the Baroque art are how we perceived the natural human figures are in motion through space, time, and light. We present and analyze the extent of human actions and passions in all its degrees of lightness, darkness, and intensity. One of the most well known Italian painters from the Baroque period was Annibale Carracci. One of his famous works was from the Gallery of the Palazzo Farnese in Rome. The Farnese ceiling had a big impact in the modification of High Renaissance painting. It revives the Renaissance in human themes and emotions and the concentration of human nature and anatomy; therefore, forming a connection between the Renaissance and the Baroque. It creates the naturalistic and classical art and form in the paintings. He greatly influenced another Italian painter named Carlo Dolci, who painted Virgin and Child with Saint John the Baptist. In this painting, strong feelings and emotions are being greatly expressed without words. We see that Carraccis painting of the Farnese ceiling was painted in rich, brilliant colors, just like the Virgin and the Childs clothing in Dolcis painting. The emphasis of the human body and emotions are greatly displayed. Human nudity and beauty was also an important fact or. The nudi...

Free Essays on Normandy

This was the last place I wanted to be. You could see it on the other men’s faces also. The training for Operation Overlord had lasted nearly one month, but nothing could prepare us for the battle we fought in our heads. Our landing craft was packed with soldiers; it looked like a shapeless mass of camouflage. Diesel smoke poured from its motor, making my eyes burn and lungs writhe. The ocean was cold, and the constant spray and mist in my face did nothing to comfort me. I knew that most of us were going to die today, myself included. I looked up to hear our commanding officer yell in a deep confident tone â€Å"In ten minutes we will be going ashore, don’t forget your training and you will make it!† I was afraid, more afraid than I had ever been. I didn’t want to die today. Ahead through the fog I could start to make out the cliffs. The explosions from the constant shelling were now visible. The Navy’s 18-inch guns made thunder sound insignificant, and the blasts were like a kick to the chest. After three days of shelling the beaches, the Germans knew we were coming. Behind me was a stream of landing craft stretching to the horizon. I could see the extensive network of battlements the Germans had set up on the beaches and the cliffs were daunting. Two divisions of paratroopers and glider infantry had flown in behind enemy lines the night before. Unfortunately for the paratroopers, the weather had not cooperated with them. The divisions were scattered about like playing cards in a bad game of 52 card pick up. The units were in no condition to take on the battlements. We were told by our commanders that after last nights surprise attack, resistance would be minimal. Unfortunately this was not the case. The cliffs erupted in flashes and bursts of machine gun fire. We were still a few hundred yards off the beach but bullets were hitting all around us. I could hear the drone of a mortar shell, and instan... Free Essays on Normandy Free Essays on Normandy This was the last place I wanted to be. You could see it on the other men’s faces also. The training for Operation Overlord had lasted nearly one month, but nothing could prepare us for the battle we fought in our heads. Our landing craft was packed with soldiers; it looked like a shapeless mass of camouflage. Diesel smoke poured from its motor, making my eyes burn and lungs writhe. The ocean was cold, and the constant spray and mist in my face did nothing to comfort me. I knew that most of us were going to die today, myself included. I looked up to hear our commanding officer yell in a deep confident tone â€Å"In ten minutes we will be going ashore, don’t forget your training and you will make it!† I was afraid, more afraid than I had ever been. I didn’t want to die today. Ahead through the fog I could start to make out the cliffs. The explosions from the constant shelling were now visible. The Navy’s 18-inch guns made thunder sound insignificant, and the blasts were like a kick to the chest. After three days of shelling the beaches, the Germans knew we were coming. Behind me was a stream of landing craft stretching to the horizon. I could see the extensive network of battlements the Germans had set up on the beaches and the cliffs were daunting. Two divisions of paratroopers and glider infantry had flown in behind enemy lines the night before. Unfortunately for the paratroopers, the weather had not cooperated with them. The divisions were scattered about like playing cards in a bad game of 52 card pick up. The units were in no condition to take on the battlements. We were told by our commanders that after last nights surprise attack, resistance would be minimal. Unfortunately this was not the case. The cliffs erupted in flashes and bursts of machine gun fire. We were still a few hundred yards off the beach but bullets were hitting all around us. I could hear the drone of a mortar shell, and instan...

Restorative Justice Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Restorative Justice - Article Example With increasing incidence of crime in general and in particular among young people1, the past two decades have brought forth harsher legislation2 to deal with the problems of terrorism and deteriorating law and order, which seriously question former Prime Minister John Major’s contention that â€Å"we have no need of a Bill of Rights because we have freedom.†3 Anti-Social Behavior orders have been introduced by the crime and Disorder Act of 1998, specifically to deal with law and order problems among the youth and have a minimum period of two years, although they may also be imposed indefinitely to ensure that a repetition of antisocial behavior does not occur4. Anti Social Behavior Order was created in 1998 and in the short space of six months in 2004, produced a thousand arrests.5 This Order has allowed extended powers for the police department to tackle a wide range of anti-social behavior by unruly teenagers, including the kind of problems this community is faced with – vandalism and shoplifting. But the fact that must be faced is that the criminal justice system does not work, too many people are able to slip out of the net of the system because of the rigid requirements for evidence, delays in processing trials in courts, the difficulty of procuring witnesses to substantiate charges because of the element of fear, so that the end result favors the criminals rather than the law enforcement authorities, so perhaps such draconian measures are justified.6 However, Lord Macintosh of Haringey had spoken out on the provisions concerning public order in the Criminal Justice Act of 1994.

Creating a Decision Making Matrix for Four Restaurant Alternatives Essay

Creating a Decision Making Matrix for Four Restaurant Alternatives - Essay Example Eventually, a two dimensional matrix is generated. Decision matrixes are common in procurement procedures where they are used to choose the best bid among the many proposals that have been received. A decision matrix has four major components which include; criteria, options/alternatives, weights and scores/rating (Hammon, Keeney and Raiffa, 2002). The purpose of this paper is to design a decision matrix and the scores for selecting the best restaurant from among four alternatives A, B, C, D using cost, convenience, service, taste and nutrition as the decision criteria. Creating the matrix The restaurants A, B, C, and D shall be ranked according to the following five criteria; cost, convenience, service, taste and nutrition. These criteria have been selected since they are the major determining factors ion the final decision making regarding the most suitable restaurant. The weights for the criteria are assigned in such a way that the total weight is 1.0. In this case, the weights fo r the criteria are as follows; Cost= 0.30, service=0.25, taste=0.2, convenience= 0.15, nutrition= 0.10. The total for the criteria = 1.0. The criteria ranking for each of the restaurant alternatives A, B, C and D are designed in such a way that the highest rank is 4. The score for each alternative is calculated as follows; Score = (Rating * assigned weight). The total score is obtained from the sum of all the scores. Based on the cost, convenience, service, taste and nutrition criteria, the restaurant options A, B, C, and D are ranked as follows; Criteria Ranking/Ranking Restaurant Options Cost Service Taste Convenience Nutrition A 3 4 1 3 2 B 2 1 2 4 4 C 4 2 3 1 3 D 1 3 4 2 1 The scores are calculated and tabulated as follows; Alternatives A B C D Criteria Weight Rating Score Rating Score Rating Score Rating Score Cost 0.30 3 0.9 2 0.6 4 1.2 1 0.3 Service 0.25 4 1.0 1 0.25 2 0.5 3 0.75 Taste 0.20 1 0.2 3 0.6 3 0.6 4 0.8 Convenience 0.15 3 0.45 4 0.6 3 0.45 2 0.3 Nutrition 0.10 2 0. 2 4 0.4 3 0.3 1 0.1 TOTAL 1.0 13 2.75 14 2.45 15 3.05 11 3.15 NB: Score= Rating* Weight. Explanation of ratings and scores After summing up the ratings for the four restaurant alternatives, alternative C has the highest rating of 15 followed by B with 14 while D has the lowest sum rating of 11. However, when the total scores are calculated from the rating and the weights, D has the highest score of 3.15 while B has the lowest score of 2.45. The total weighting for the criteria was calculated as 1.0. In terms of the cost criteria, restaurant alternative C attains the highest score of 1.2 while D receives the lowest score with a 0.3 score. In terms of service, alternative A receives the highest score with 1.0 while alternative B receives the lowest score with 0.25. Alternative D scores the highest in terms of the taste criteria with a score of 0.8 while A scores the lowest with 0.2. Alternatives B and C receive the same score in terms of convenience though they differ in other criteri a. Alternative B is the best in terms of convenience with a score of 0.6 while alternative D is the worst with a score of 0.3. Alternative A and C attain the same score in terms of convenience with a score of 0.45. In terms of the nutrition criteria which has the lowest weight among the other criteria, alternative B receives the highest score with 0.4 while alternative D receives the lowest with a 0.1 score. Choosing the best alternative The

Concepts and Theories of Classical Conditioning

Concepts and Theories of Classical Conditioning Aimee Duncalfe Rena Borovilos Classical Conditioning and My Behaviour Behavioural psychology is a theory of learning that is founded upon the idea that all behaviours are acquired through conditioning, which occurs through environmental interaction (Cherry, What is Behaviorism?, 2014). Conditioning is a specific type of learning that has been explored by several different physiologists and psychologists throughout history, and can be broken down into two specific types of learning; classical conditioning and operant conditioning. This paper will discuss classical conditioning while exploring several different examples, including a personal behaviour that can also be identified as classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs through associating two stimuli that are repeatedly paired together, resulting in a conditioned response. (Cherry, What Is Classical Conditioning?, 2005). The process of classical conditioning consist of placing a conditioned stimulus before an unconditioned stimulus that naturally results in an unconditioned response. When paired repeatedly, the conditioned stimulus eventually causes a conditioned response, even in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus. An unconditioned stimulus (UCS) is one that naturally or automatically causes a response (Cherry, Classical Conditioning, 2005). For example, when you hear a balloon pop, you may immediately jump in shock. The sound of the balloon popping is the unconditioned stimulus. An unconditioned response (UCR) is the automatic response that occurs naturally in response to the unconditioned stimulus (Cherry, Classical Conditioning, 2005). Using the same example, jumping in response to the sound of the balloon popping is the unconditioned response. The conditioned stimulus (CS) is previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus, eventually causes a conditioned response (Cherry, Classical Conditioning, 2005). Suppose that immediately before you heard the balloon pop, you saw a flashing red light. The flashing red light is unrelated to the sound of the balloon popping, though if the flashing red light was paired multiple times with the balloon popping, seeing the flashing red light would eventually cause the conditioned response. In this case, the conditioned stimulus is seeing the flashing red light. The conditioned response (CR) is the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus (Cherry, Classical Conditioning, 2005). In the same example, the conditioned response would be jumping to the sight of the flashing red light. This process, often used in behavioural training, was introduced by a Russian physiologist by the name of Ivan Pavlov, who won the Nobel Prize in 1904 for his work on the physiology of digestion (Nobel Media AB, 2014). Pavlovs experiment explored dogs salivating in response to the presentation of food. In his experiment, the UCS was the presentation of food, and the UCR was salivating in response to the food. Pavlov also introduced a CS, the sound of a bell, immediately before presenting the food to the dogs. By combining the sound of the bell with the presentation of food, the sound of the bell alone would eventually produce the conditioned response of salivation. (Cherry, What Is Classical Conditioning?, 2005). There are several occurrences that take place in relation to classical conditioning. The first stages of learning when a response is established is what is known as acquisition. This refers to the period of time when the conditioned response is first established and gradually strengthened (Cherry, Principles of Classical Conditioning, 2005). Going back to the first example of the popping balloon, the conditioned response has been acquired once a person begins to jump at the sight of the flashing red light. In Pavlov’s experiment, the conditioned response has been acquired as soon as the dog begins to salivate in response to the sound of the bell. Once the response has been acquired, the response can be progressively strengthened to ensure the behaviour is well learned. Factors that can influence how quickly acquisition occurs include how noticeable the CS is, as well as the timing of the CS in relation to the UCS. If the CS is too subtle, or if there is too much of a delay bet ween the CS and the UCS, the learner may not notice the CS enough to form an association between the two. The most effective method is to introduce the CS and then quickly present the UCS so that there is an overlap between the two. The more noticeable the CS, and the shorter delay between the UCS and the CS, the quicker acquisition will take (Cherry, What is Acquisition?, 2005). Another occurrence in relation to classical conditioning is extinction. Extinction happens when the frequency of a CR decreases or disappears when a CS is no longer paired with an UCS (Cherry, Principles of Classical Conditioning, 2005). Returning to the previously used example, if the popping of the balloon were no longer paired with the flashing red light, eventually the conditioned response of jumping to the flashing red light would disappear. In Pavlov’s experiment, if he no longer paired the bell with the presentation of the food, eventually the conditioned response of salivating to the sound of the bell would disappear. During his research, Pavlov discovered that when extinction occurs, it does not mean that the subject returns to their unconditioned state. Allowing several hours or even days to elapse after a response has been extinguished can result in spontaneous recovery of the CR (Cherry, What is Extinction?, 2005). Spontaneous recovery refers to the sudden reappearance of the CR after extinction or period of reduced response. If the CS and UCS are no longer associated, extinction will occur very quickly after a spontaneous recovery. Pavlov noted during his experiment that no longer pairing the sound of the bell with the presentation of food led to extinction of the salivation response. However, after a two hour rest period, the salivation response suddenly reappeared when the bell was presented (Cherry, Spontaneous Recovery, 2005). This phenomena shows that extinction is not the same as unlearning. While the CR may disappear, it may not have been forgotten or completely eliminated. Stimulus generalization, the tendency for the CS to prompt similar responses after the CR has been conditioned, is another occurrence of classical conditioning (Cherry, What Is Stimulus Generalization?, 2005). In the first example, our subject has been conditioned to jump at the sight of our CR, a flashing red light. After the subject has been conditioned, he might respond to not only a flashing red light, but all flashing lights. This response to all flashing lights exemplifies stimulus generalization. Closely related to stimulus generalization, stimulus discrimination is the ability to distinguish between a CS and other stimuli that have not been paired with a UCS (Cherry, Principles of Classical Conditioning, 2005). In Pavlov’s experiment where the sound of a bell is the CS, discrimination involves being able to tell the difference between the sound of the bell and other similar sounds, and would then only express the CR at the sound of the bell. Another form of classical conditioning is higher order conditioning. This is where a new CS is created, by pairing a second CS with a previously created CS. The second CS acts as a UCS for the first CS. If Pavlov had begun flashing a red light before he sounded the bell, the flashing red light would become the new CS, and would eventually evoke the same CR as the sound of the bell does. My own behaviour indicates that I have also been classically conditioned. Two years ago, I was involved in a car accident. I was driving on the highway in the fast lane, the lane closest to the centre guardrail, when I lost control of my car and slammed into the guardrail, spinning across all three lanes. My car came to a final rest after hitting the guardrail closest to the on and off ramps. Before my car accident, I was a very confident driver and never experienced anxiety while driving, in general or while driving in the fast lane. Since my car accident, I am unable to drive in the fast lane without becoming very anxious. Experiencing anxiety is generally a natural response when getting into a car accident, so getting into a car accident in this example is the UCS, and experiencing anxiety is the UCR. Immediately preceding the car accident, I was driving in the fast lane, which is the CS in this situation. As a result of my traumatic experience, driving in the fast lane now produces the same anxious feeling as getting into a car accident because I have associated this factor with my car accident. And so, anxiety is the CR in this example. I have included a diagram in Appendix 1 to demonstrate my behaviour and how it associates with the basic classical conditioning model. A CR was achieved very quickly during acquisition of my behaviour. Because the situation was so traumatic, the CR was immediate, and I began to experience anxiety as quickly as the next time I drove on the highway. My behaviour is a good example of generalization because I do not only become anxious while driving in the fast lane on the same highway or in the same area where I hit the guardrail, but also while driving in the fast lane on all highways. There is another possible explanation for my behaviour. By avoiding driving in the fast lane, I am decreasing the likelihood of experiencing anxiety. My personal behaviour is a great example of negative punishment, which involves removing something good or desirable away in order to reduce the probability of a specific behaviour reoccurring. While driving in the fast lane can be beneficial and often desired, by not driving in that lane, I am eliminating the CR of experiencing anxiety when driving in that lane. Be it salivating at the smell of our favourite food cooking, avoiding a specific restaurant because of a bad experience, or putting on our seatbelt to stop the car from making the obnoxious dinging sound, our everyday lives are filled with behaviours that are a result of classical or operant conditioning, whether we realize it or not. Some of these conditioning experiences may be positive ones, others may have more negative effects on our lives, and some may go unnoticed forever. While conditioning is not as prominent today as it was throughout the middle of the twentieth century, it still remains an influential force in psychology. References Cherry, K. (2005). Classical Conditioning. Retrieved from about|education: http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/classcond.htm Cherry, K. (2005). Principles of Classical Conditioning. Retrieved from about|education: http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/classcondbasics.htm Cherry, K. (2005). Spontaneous Recovery. Retrieved from about|education: http://psychology.about.com/od/sindex/g/spontrec.htm Cherry, K. (2005). What is Acquisition? Retrieved from about|education: http://psychology.about.com/od/glossaryfromatoz/g/Acquisition.htm Cherry, K. (2005). What Is Classical Conditioning? Retrieved from about|education: http://psychology.about.com/od/cindex/g/classcond.htm Cherry, K. (2005). What is Extinction? Retrieved from about|education: http://psychology.about.com/od/eindex/g/extinction.htm Cherry, K. (2005). What Is Stimulus Generalization? Retrieved from about|education: http://psychology.about.com/od/sindex/g/stimgen.htm Cherry, K. (2014). What is Behaviorism? Retrieved from about|education: http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/f/behaviorism.htm Nobel Media AB. (2014). The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1904. Retrieved from Nobelprize.org: http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1904/ Weiten, W., McCann, D. (2015). Custom Pub: Psych 1000 Introduction to Psychology and Study Guide. Toronto, ON: Nelson Education Ltd. Appendix 1

The Birthmark :: essays research papers

Response Paper #2: 'The Birthmark'; 1. Our society tends to be obsessed with the idea of physical perfection. How does our society manifest that obsession? How is the 'Birthmark'; an early version of our modern obsession with physical perfection? Our society has many ways of manifesting its obsession with physical perfection. In our society people go to extreme lengths to achieve perfection. The 'Birthmark';, written more than a century ago, is an early version of our modern obsession with physical perfection. Society manifests its obsession with physical perfection by having surgical procedures done on daily basis. These surgeries allow for almost any cosmetic transformation. For example a person can have anything from removing a birthmark to inserting breast implants to having a tummy tuck done on their body. Society manifests their obsession with physical perfection by having these procedures done to them. These procedures enable society to achieve 'perfection';, much like Georgiana in the 'Birthmark';. In the 'Birthmark';, a story that is more than a century old Georgiana and her husband Alymar are searching for physical perfection, much like we do today. In addition they manifested their obsession with physical perfection much like we do today. Georgiana was born with a crimson birthmark in the shape of a hand. This birthmark was on her cheek. One day Georgiana discovers that this birthmark 'shocks'; her husband and he is deeply bothered by it. Georgiana finally realizes this after Alymar says 'Georgiana . . . has it ever occurred to you that the mark upon your cheek might be removed?'; After discussing the birthmark several times with her husband, a talented scientist, Georgiana decides to have it removed by him. It is never stated in full detail exactly how Alymar is going to remove this birthmark, we assume that it will be a surgical procedure. At one point in the story Georgina says to her husband 'If there be the remote possibility of it .

Business Research Part

The fitness bands make is fairly ass for anyone with a weight loss or health goal to measure and track their exercise to include steps taken daily, and amount of energy and calories burned. N.B. has formed a team to research the accuracy and impact of wearing the fuel band. The primary benefit of the fuel band is intended to be to assist in helping consumers track their activity in order to lose weight. To ensure this is benefit is being achieved N.B. needs to show that as a person's activity level increases so does the number of calories they are burning. Hypothesis Statements 1 .The use of a fitness band to track activity will lead to increased activity (steps taken and distance covered) resulting in weight loss. 2. The accuracy of the fitness band will allow individuals a way to know the level of their daily output and input in order for them to reach their fitness goals. Research In preparing for this study there was a particular questions that guided the overall thinking. What i mpact does a fitness band have on a users overall general health? By displaying data concerning daily activity such as steps taken, distance covered, calories burned and hours slept can a user gain an wariness of their overall activity?With this is mind it is important to look back on the information that is currently available to us. There have been extensive studies conducted in this realm since the fitness band has emerged into the health and fitness industry. The team independently went out and reviewed this research to find what would be relevant to establishing this research plan. These range in review of the accuracy of the band on activity, the motivating factor it has on calorie counting, and the overall performance of the various bands on the market.In several of the articles it was evident that when aging walking activity fitness bands perform as desired. The Journal of Science and Medicine in Sports (2014) published a study where a sample of adults used fitness bands whi le walking on the treadmill at various speeds. Upon completion of the study it was deemed the no â€Å"significant differences were noted† between the fitness bands count and that of the observer counts, therefore a high level of inter-device reliability was present (Journal of Science and Medicine in Sports, 2014).Establishing that a fitness and has high reliability it accurately displaying activity solidified the choice of our dependent variable. Next we need establish that our independent variable were what we wanted to be based on the various other research out there. Mossier put forth a study in 2014 about the emerging importance technology would play in tracking activity (Mossier, 2014). The study discussed when a user accurately tracks activity and calorie intake it is an effective strategy for improved goal setting and overall health. This helped lead us in the direction of with increased awareness of activity does weight loss result?An article by Richards would say i t does but with modest results in short term use (Annals of Family Medicine, 2008). This article discussed the Cross- sectional studies show that individuals who walk more tend to be thinner than those who walk less. This does not mean, however, that the association between higher step counts and lower weight is causal or that encouraging sedentary individuals to increase step counts helps them lose weight. The study showed that 5 or more adult participants and at least 1 cohort enrolled in a pedometer-based walking intervention lasting at least 4 weeks.

Classic Scenes and Monologues from Shaws Pygmalion